Hepatic Lipidosis in Cats Hepatic Lipidosis in Cats: Hepatic lipidosis, or fatty liver, is a common syndrome characterized by excess fat accumulation in the liver of cats. It can occur in cats of any age or breed and may affect more females than males.

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Hepatic Lipidosis in Cats


Hepatic lipidosis, or fatty liver, is a common syndrome characterized by excess fat accumulation in the liver of cats. It can occur in cats of any age or breed and may affect more females than males. Hepatic lipidosis classically occurs after a period of anorexia (loss of appetite) of at least 2 weeks duration. When an additional disease state is found to be the cause of the anorexia, the hepatic lipidosis is defined as "secondary."

The term "primary" or "idiopathic" hepatic lipidosis is used when an additional disease state cannot be identified. This is the case in approximately 50 per cent of cats diagnosed with the disorder. Obesity before the period of anorexia increases the chances of a cat developing clinical hepatic lipidosis. The decrease in appetite causing secondary hepatic lipidosis can occur for a variety of reasons.

The more common of the predisposing disease states are diabetes mellitus, pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas), cancer, and other liver diseases. Behavioral or stress-related causes of anorexia are also common; they include the owners being away on vacation, family members leaving or new people or pets being introduced into the household, boarding, and dietary changes.

Unfortunately, once this disease develops, cats feel ill and may not begin to eat again even if the, initial cause of their loss of appetite has been eliminated. Without aggressive medical intervention, this vicious circle can, lead to death in over 90 per cent of the cats.

Cats are unique in their tendency to develop this disorder. Excessive amounts of fat are broken down from the cat's peripheral fat storage tissue during fasting. This fat is then transported to the liver. The liver should then process this fat and export it to the rest of the body in a new form. In cats that develop hepatic lipidosis this process is impaired and the rate of fat export from the liver is much slower than the rate of fat intake, resulting in liver fat accumulation. Damage to the liver is caused by swelling of liver cells filled with fatty deposits as well as additional processes. Symptoms commonly seen with this syndrome are anorexia, weight loss, lethargy, vomiting, jaundice (yellow tinge to the skin, inside of the ears, and gums), and occasionally behavioral or neurologic signs such as excessive drooling, blindness, semicoma or coma, and seizures. The suspicion that a cat is suffering from liver disease is confirmed by physical examination and appropriate abnormalities in blood work.

Imaging techniques such as x-rays or ultrasound examination of the abdomen are helpful in demonstrating the size and appearance of the liver, as well as ruling out other disease states. The definitive diagnosis of hepatic lipidosis requires visualization of fat globules in liver cells obtained via liver biopsy or needle aspiration.

The treatment of hepatic lipidosis varies depending on its severity and the existence of other diseases. Prevention is extremely important. Any anorexic cat, especially if obese, should be seen by a veterinarian. Thus, the development of hepatic lipidosis can be caught in its early stages or prevented entirely with appropriate therapy. Hospitalization, fluid therapy, and supportive care may be required initially when the disease develops. Additional therapy such as antibiotics, vitamin K, and the treatment of other diseases may also be necessary.

The cornerstone of therapy, the only way to reverse the process of fat accumulation in the liver, is aggressive feeding to supply your cat with his or her full caloric requirements. Offering different diets and appetite-stimulating medications may induce a cat to eat in the initial phases of anorexia but will most likely not be of benefit once clinical signs of hepatic lipidosis develop.

Force feeding is usually not a good idea. Even with the most cooperative cat, it is virtually impossible to feed adequate amounts in this fashion. Cats also seem to develop food aversions rapidly, and the association between food and the unpleasant experience of forcing may delay the cat's return to eating. Therefore, in the clinical phase of the disease the only reliable treatment option is tube feeding.

The use of long-term tube feeding has changed the outcome in this disease from over 90 per cent mortality to less than 30 per cent. There are three types of feeding tubes commonly used for this disease. A tube placed through the nose into the stomach or esophagus can be used temporarily. Long-term feeding is achieved with a tube surgically placed in the esophagus or, more commonly, a tube surgically or endoscopically placed through the body wall directly into the stomach.

A commercially available maintenance diet is used for most cats. Your veterinarian will supply you with a feeding plan aimed at meeting your cat's nutritional requirements. Additional medications to control vomiting are sometimes necessary. Frequent rechecks with your veterinarian will be required to assess the tube location, possible infection, your cat's clinical state, and blood work. Liver parameters usually improve within 2 to 8 weeks after initiating feeding. Oral food should not be offered until that time.

Once your cat begins to eat, tube feedings can be gradually reduced over a few weeks and eventually discontinued. Most cat's tubes can be removed 3 to 4 months after placement. In cats with idiopathic hepatic lipidosis recurrence is rare, and the cats that recover go on to live normal lives.

The above is general veterinary information. Do not begin any course of treatment without consulting your regular veterinarian. All animals should be examined at least once every 12 months.

About the author:

From the Textbook of Veterinary Internal Information: Client Information Series. Copyright © 2000 by W.B. Saunders Company. All rights reserved.

Linda Mar Veterinary Hospital and its cat-only affiliate, Coastal Cat Clinic, are small animal practices located in Pacifica, California. To find a veterinarian or to learn more about the vet clinic and our staff, visit:[http://lindamarvet.com/]


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Caring for your cat during pregnancy may require a lot of time and effort in your part but it is a very wonderful and rewarding experience. But after the kittens are already born, you will need to do a different task and that is to take care of the newborn kittens. These kittens will need special kind of attention and care and you must make sure that you could provide it to them.

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About the Author
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Multi-Vitamin for Cats

Many pet owners wish to provide their animals with the best health possible by giving them a multi-vitamin for cats. Cats require a certain careful balance of vitamins and minerals as well as other nutrients in order to function at their best. By ingesting the proper combination of these vitamins, your cat will remain healthy and strong and is more likely to enjoy a long, happy, and illness free life.

The exact vitamins which your cat will need are slightly different from the vitamins which you may see in a human multi-vitamin supplement, however, so it's a good idea to familiarize yourself with the basics of feline nutrition before you purchase anything.

Benefits of Multi-Vitamins for Cats
Ideally, a good cat food will provide your pet with all of the different vitamins and nutrients that he needs. However, there are a number of reasons why he may still require a vitamin supplement as well. First, many cat foods do not provide the highest quality nutrients as a result of lower quality ingredients in the food. Second, sitting on the shelf for weeks or even longer can mean that the vitamins and nutrients which are naturally in cat food are reduced in quantity, thereby not giving your cat the nutrition he requires. For this reason, multi-vitamins are a good supplement to help your cat overall.

Components of a Cat Good Multi-Vitamin Cats require certain enzymes and amino acids that can only be found in meat sources. For this reason, cats that do not eat meat will not be healthy and, ultimately, will not survive. Thus, many of the multi-vitamin supplements that are available for cats focus on some of these types of nutrients which are usually found in meat sources. These include:
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Focus On Cat Health

Cat Health

Cat Hyperthyroidism-a Brief Introduction

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Feline Hyperthyroidism
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Symptoms and Warning Signs
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Cat Blood Types

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There is no "universal donor" blood type in cats - a very small amount of the wrong blood type can kill a cat if is is sensitized to the blood. This can be an issue in some cat breeds. In particular, British Shorthair, Cornish Rex and Devon Rex cats, where the percentage of Type B cats is much higher, perhaps as high as 50%. Other breeds with significant percentages of Type B blood include the Abyssinian, Himalayan, Japanese Bobtail, Persian, Somali and Sphinx breeds. (preceding information from Urs Giger, University of Pennsylvania, Kirk's XI).

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Lab Blood Work Tests for Cats

Cats require blood work tests when they need to diagnosed for different diseases. Blood tests are widely used in veterinary medicine. The results are measured against normal values, which are typically present in healthy pets; these values differ across species. The lab test results may be influenced by certain drugs, so always inform your vet about the medication of your pet prior to blood tests. Prior to certain blood tests, your cat should fast.

Complete Blood Count
The complete blood count is a blood test that is very frequently employed to inform the vet about the amount of different types of cells in the blood flow of the cat.

The red blood cell count as well as the white blood cell count and the hemoglobin are important values to determine the condition of the cat. Red blood cells transport the oxygen to the vital organs, while white cells help fighting infections.

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Hematocrit or packed cell volume (PCV) may also measure the red blood cell count.

Commonly Performed Blood Tests There are numerous tests that can be performed on a cat to determine his health condition. Some tests will show how a particular organ functions, while other tests will give a general overview.

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Grooming Tips for Preventing Matted Cat Hair

Matted cat hair is entangled hair that ends up in tight knots. Long haired breeds are more susceptible to the condition than other pets. Cat hair is divided into three categories as each type of hair performs a certain role. The types of cat hair include awn hair, down hair and guard hair. The various function of cat hair involves protection from environmental contaminants, heat and cold. The uppermost layer of cat hair also determines the color of individual pets.

Cat Hair Conditions
Cats shed their fur during specific periods. However, fur loss that's caused due to skin conditions such as alopecia, dermatitis or skin allergy needs medical treatment. Although cats routinely groom themselves to maintain their fur coats, pets also develop conditions such as cat hairball due to the ingestion of hair during routine grooming. Pet owners should thus groom the cat with a brush to avoid excessive self-grooming and cat hairballs. Cats that appear sick or lethargic may avoid their routine grooming which in turn leads to matted hair. Thick knots are difficult to detangle with a comb and may cause the pet pain, if the mats are located towards sensitive areas of the body.

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Recipes for Poulet Aux Peaches and Refrigerator Dinner Rolls
Here is a 1970s recipe for Poulet aux Peaches or poultry with peaches. The Refrigerator Dinner Rolls are an easy to prepare batter that is kept in the refrigerator, making homemade rolls at dinnertime a snap.

Old-fashion Cheeseburger Pie and Show Cake for Dessert
When Bisquick came out with their baking mix, housewives everywhere were happily intrigued. It seemed it was suddenly easier and less time consuming to prepare practically everything. One of the fun things about this new marvel, was the "impossible" recipes. Families were suddenly enjoying all kinds of "impossible" recipes. "Impossible" simply meant that cooks could whip up a mixture, pour it into a pie plate, put it in the oven to bake and pull out a pie in a shell. Wow! Such magic! This worked for dessert pies and meat pies. This "Impossible" Cheeseburger Pie quickly became a family favorite. Pull out your baking mix box today and make this yummy treat for your family. For dessert, give them a treat with "Show" cake.



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Recently Added Cat, kitten, cat litter, free content, Articles


Reduce Hair From Your Shedding Cat
The best way, of course, is frequent brushing. Your cat may even enjoy this! My own cat loves to be brushed and purrs away rubbing up against the brush to be sure I get his favorite areas.

Tips to Stop Your Cat urinating on the Carpet:
Cats urinate in inappropriate places when stressed. So if you have moved to a new house, you need to spend some time with your cat to make sure everything is okay. If you are getting renovations done, you should have the tradesmen spend some time with the cat. The extra hour you have to pay the tradesman should be worth much more than spending hours trying to clean up the smell of cat urine. This should stop your cat urinating on the carpet and other inappropriate places.

The Best Of Both Worlds: The Wild And The Tame - The Bengal Cat:
A relatively new cat breed first bred in the U.S., the Bengal cat was created by crossing an Asian Leopard Cat with a domestic cat.
Over time, this breed has become a visual and temperamental success preserving the strong physical resemblance to its beautifully wild ancestor while inheriting a pleasant, domestic disposition. Talk about best of both worlds. Large and sleek, this cat is as alert as it is affectionate. Its distinctive leopard spotted or marbled coat enhances its wild appearance as it roams the house. Unlike any other breed, some Bengals appear as if they were dipped in gold or silver glitter. Their voices are distinct and versatile, from a coo to a chirp. They love to jump, somersault and play with water just like wild and feral cats

The Right Cat Litter Box For Your Cat
Your cat will develop and keep good cat litter box habits with the right cat litter box. Here are your choices for different cat litter boxes, and how you can determine which ones are right for your cat.



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New Article - Declawing - What You Should Know About


Raw Food Diet For Cat and Kittens - Taking This One Step Prevents Cat Illness
There is increasing evidence accepted by holistic and traditional veterinarians that turning to a raw food diet for cat and kittens reduces the likelihood of many of today's common cat health problems. Its no secret that our cats are obese, have bladder problems or develop kidney disease or diabetes. Its looking like the same rules that apply to humans apply to cats - high carbohydrate, low protein diets and poor exercise habits lead to disease. The good news is that the number one step holistic vets recommend is that you switch your pet to a raw food diet for cat program.

Cat Breeding - The Information That You Should Really Know to Choose a Clean and Healthy Stud Cat
It is important to find a stud cat who comes from healthy stock and is in good health before breeding. Make sure that your queen and the stud cat are current on their vaccinations. You must take your female to the stud cat. He does not come to you.

How to Calm a Cat in Heat: A female cat will come into heat (called "estrus") at least three times a year for roughly 2 weeks.
During each cycle, the cat will exhibit restless and agitated behavior. Dealing with a cat in heat can be challenging. This article will help you recognize if your cat is in heat and offer suggestions for soothing the symptoms

Hurricane Cats:
You like cats, don't you? Some people don't like cats. Daddy doesn't like cats. Daddy's best friend, Bill Ball, loves his cats



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